Energy access is traditionally discussed from the perspective of electrical grid infrastructure. However, connection to the energy system does not guarantee access to modern energy services. There is a high level of energy service deprivation in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). In this context, the present study investigates energy poverty in Brazil. Results are presented for different climatic zones and urban and rural regions. The socio-economic determinants of energy poverty and deprivation of access to energy services are also investigated. To conduct this analysis, the Absolute Energy Needs (AENs) method proposed by Garcia (2014) was used. The results show that energy poverty mainly affects the rural population and households in the so-called tropical and dry zones, the mixed climate zones, and the tropical ones. Moreover, certain social groups such as women, individuals with low levels of education, and non-white individuals are more likely to experience energy poverty. For this study, microdata from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics 2017/2018 Household Budget Survey (POF) and the Köppen-Geiger climate classification were used.
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