Energy is essential to modern life as it powers industries, services, and meets the daily needs of people. However, as the demand for energy continues to increase in various sectors and among consumers, there is an urgent need to revamp both local and global energy systems. This transformation requires a shift towards renewable energy sources, mainly driven by concerns for sustainable development and the need to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions to address climate change.
In the last few years, carbon capture and storage (CCS) has become a key technology in the fight against global warming by reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the power and industrial sectors. Brazil demonstrates a favorable outlook for implementing this type of project due to its depleted reservoirs. Ciotta's (2020) overview on the Santos Basin shows that the Merluza and Lagosta Fields as promising due to their geological features and logistical facilities, with a gas pipeline connecting the fields to a significant industrial zone in the state of São Paulo (Cubatão).
In Cubatão, the Refinery Presidente Bernardes de Cubatão (RPBC) stands poised to lead the way in CO2 capture and storage, leveraging various factors such as operational readiness, technological proficiency, and existing infrastructure for storage. One potential strategy involves utilizing oil and gas fields interconnected through pipelines with the refinery as storage sites for captured CO2. The costs associated with such initiatives could potentially be offset by carbon credit receipts from other industries in the region, particularly as RPBC processes the gasses. Moreover, depending on the raw materials utilized by these companies, it may even be conceivable to achieve processes with net-negative carbon emissions.
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