Use of combined hormonal contraceptives in female university students with migraine with aura: a neglected problem?
Key words: migraine with Aura, Hormonal Contraception, Headache.
INTRODUCTION: The combined hormonal contraceptives are the most used contraceptive methods nowadays, however, even with low estrogenic dosage, they cause several effects in the body. One of the most prevalent is the risk of cardiovasculars disease, an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the world.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the percentage of female university students that make use of oral combined contraceptives, with the presence of migraine with aura.
METHODS: Descriptive study, cross-sectional and observational, in which the epidemiological profile and possible cardiovascular risk factors were assessed in a group of university students over 18 years old, through an online questionnaire. Age, year of graduation, ethnicity, habits (use of alcohol, smoking and illicit drugs) and the practice of physical activities, were asked.
Besides that, the presence of comorbidities was analyzed and the use of contraceptive was questioned. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Santo André-São Paulo, Brazil. (CAAE: 26262619.8.0000.0082)
RESULTS: 257 participants were included, with the average age of 20, 89,1% of participants are white, 73,5% ingest alcoholic drinks, 33,8% are smokers or former smokers, 15,5% use some type of illicit drug and 33,8% are sedentary. The majority (40%) is in the first year of graduation. The most used contraceptive method was the combined hormonal contraceptive (69,6%). 56,64% used the morning-after pill, in the last year. 47 participants (18,28%) used contraceptives combined in the presence of migraine with aura, classified as level 4 of contraindication by World Health Organization (WHO) due to the risk of brain stroke. There was no statistical difference between the year of graduation, use of alcohol or drugs and the use of morning-after pill or hormonal contraceptives.
CONCLUSION: In this study was identified a high percentage of female university students that use oral combined contraceptives, in the presence of migraine with aura, contraindication level 4 of WHO. It is important to advise people about the risks of this method at the presence of migraine and suggest alternative methods, in order to avoid cardiovasculars disease like brain stroke.
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