PERSONALITIES TRAITS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: WHAT ARE THE RELATIONS?
Introduction
Cardiovascular diseases represent a major burden for public health, are the main cause of death in the world and have caused loss of quality of life, limitations in work and leisure activities, in addition to economic impacts on families and society in general. Studies have shown that psychological factors, such as personality traits, can be important factors to be taken into account in the diagnosis, management and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.
Objective
The present study aimed to evaluate as negative influences of the types of personalities in the cardiovascular system and propose possible forms of prevention and treatment
Methods
Conducted a systematic review of studies on personality types and cardiovascular events in the Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed and CAPES databases. There was no restriction on the language used in the publications. Used as a recommendation in the document Preferred report items for systematic analyzes and meta-analyzes (PRISMA), or aims to guide the dissemination of systematic analyzes and meta-analyzes in the health area.
Results
Based on published studies, Personality type A and D can affect cardiovascular outcomes mainly by their attitudes to mental suffering. Authors point out that both are related to significant increases in the risk of cardiovascular disease; type A was associated with myocardial infarction, while type D is said to be a predictor of unfavorable outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease and in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and heart transplantation; these individuals are more exposed to stress, unhealthy lifestyles, not undergoing rehabilitation and low adherence to treatment.
Conclusions
The studies highlight the importance of psychoeducational strategies in patient care, being, therefore, an early identification of suffering and psychosocial management the way of helping the patient to deal with the disease and improve their quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to include items that evaluate the affective profile and personalities of patients in the cardiovascular assessment protocols, in order to identify possible factors that signal the worst disease or non-adherence to treatment. Keywords: personalities; stress, cardiovascular risk; behavior.
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