PSYCO-EMOTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE ROLE OF FAMILY IN THE CHILDREN'S ROTINE WITH CONGENIT CARDIOPATHY: FACILITATOR OR LIMITATOR ? INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION Congenital heart diseases are changes in
the base anatomical structure of the heart that might occur at the eighth week
of pregnancy during its development and have an average incidence of one in one
hundred live births. Nevertheless, its consequences go beyond the scope of
physiological normality and affect other aspects of carrier child's life that
imply severe changes in the family reality.
RESEARCH PROBLEM To highlight the impacts of the
deficient psycho-emotional approach of the infants with congenital heart disease's support network by professionals of the
multidisciplinary health team in its socio-cognitive development.
METHODS This is an integrative review of qualitative,
observational and exhibition character. For its production, the search used the
Pubmed, LILACS and Scielo databases, with the application of the descriptors:
"nursing", "psychology", "family"
"routine", "overprotection" and "congenital heart
disease", associated or not, and by the use of synonymous terms, that is,
the MESH at PubMed, in English and Portuguese; To outline the search, filters
was used, being them: ten-year interval (2010-2020) and full article available.
As a result, the sample universe consisted of 625 pre-selected articles,
subsequently reduced to 15 articles and 1 dissertation - without language
limitation (Portuguese, English and Spanish) - being the final quantity
composed of productions with affinity and relevance to the thematic approach.
RESULTS The critical evaluation of the articles
allowed us to infer that there is great family pressure on children with
congenital heart disease due to the characteristic risks of
the pathology, capable of instituting an aura of caution in all the attitudes
and wills demonstrated by the child, which are the target of "family
overprotection", due to the deficiency of psychological assistance
directed to the children's support network , since the diagnosis reception, as the
process is potencially traumatic - according to the severity of the pathology,
presented by each patient - to all involved in the equation, being them: family
members, people that lives at home, health
team and, in particular, the child. In this aspect, given the new reality, it
is observed that many families are forced to adapt their routines in an
integral way to the needs of the patient, even if parents or correlates are not
prepared for the process of forced ambiance, after the sudden break in
expectations and the emergence of new physical, psychological and social
demands, a fact aggravated by the scarce professional's psycho-emotional
approach to guide all the ones involved in a healthy way, as the changes are
needed in routine, in order to avoid overlapping fears above the
experimentation of fundamental situations for the construction os the youth
character.
CONCLUSION It is noted, therefore, that congenital
heart diseases are not as rare as established in the social imaginary, given
that their effects on the life and routine of parents are significant and
capable of covering all social, psychological and emotional spheres, since they
require the parental ability to define limits and possibilities, without
overlapping the needs of the infant. Therefore, it is noted that the failure to
address these needs is the causal factor for the perpetuation of the pattern
and needs to be more emphasized for the materialization of humanized approach.
Keywords: nursing; psychology; family routine; overprotection; congenital heart disease.
O contato com a Comissão Científica pode ser rezalizado através do e-mail:
cientifico.comau@fcm.unicamp.br
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