THE RELATION OF DEPRESSION WITH CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Key-words: depression, chronic diseases, risk factors
INTRODUCTION: Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (CNCD) negatively affect people's quality of life, a fact that makes them more susceptible to the development of depression, a condition that further worsens the prognosis of these patients. Studies show a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic diseases, which makes this target audience essential for monitoring mental health. OBJECTIVE: Correlate the higher incidence of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic diseases, in addition to assessing the sociodemographic risk factors that are associated with these adversities and their pathophysiological mechanisms. METHODS: In this study, an integrative review was adopted, using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (Medline), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. DISCUSSION: It is known that intractable pain, low socioeconomic status, advanced age and female gender are risk factors for the development of depression associated with chronic diseases. The review showed that Chronic Kidney Disease and dialysis therapy are associated with depression and, according to Renz CP et al, about 60.3% of patients with this chronic comorbidity have some sign of depression. Regarding the cardiovascular system, it is known that previous acute myocardial infarction (31.1%), systemic arterial hypertension (40.1%) and diabetes (8.5-27.3%) are related to a higher prevalence of depression. In advanced cancer, the prevalence of depression was around 55%, with uncontrollable pain being the main factor, as it involves neurotransmitters and receptors that act in the genesis and maintenance of depression. Patients with respiratory problems such as COPD and Asthma, depression increased the mortality of the sick by 81%. Finally, Rheumatoid Arthritis is also closely related to anxiety and depression, since joint pain, deformities, sleep disorders, inability to work and, consequently, socioeconomic factors affect the daily lives of these individuals. CONCLUSION: It is evident the strong relationship between these diseases and depression and how this pathophysiological set is associated with the worse prognosis of physical and mental health of these patients. Thus, when identifying the sociodemographic risk profile for this association, it is possible to plan strategies to ensure the mental health of these patients and, thus, improve the quality of life.
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