Introduction: Vulvar cancer (VC) is a rare malignant gynecological neoplasm, often associated with persistent infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). It presents distinct clinical behaviors and prognoses depending on its molecular subtype. Evaluating the biomarkers p16 and p53 has proven useful in the clinicopathological stratification of these tumors. Objectives: To analyze the association between the immunohistochemical expression of p16 and p53 markers and the clinical and epidemiological data of patients with VC. Methods: This is a retrospective study that analyzed 132 medical records of patients diagnosed with VC who were treated between 2013 and 2023 at three oncology referral hospitals in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Clinical and epidemiological information was extracted from medical records. Immunohistochemical expression of p16 and p53 proteins was evaluated in a subsample of 25 patients. These cases were selected based on the availability and integrity of paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinomas. Only samples with adequate preservation and sufficient tumor tissue for analysis were included. The subsample was reviewed to ensure it reflected the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the broader cohort. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, under approval number 7.344.280. Results: The majority of patients were in their sixties (59.5%), of mixed race (73.3%), retired (28.6%), had low educational levels (45.5% were illiterate or had incomplete primary education), and resided predominantly in the northern region of Maranhão (68.9%). Immunohistochemical analysis showed p16 positivity in 76.9% of the evaluated samples, with a statistically significant association between p16 expression and histopathological features consistent with HPV infection (p < 0.001). Evaluation of p53 immunostaining revealed that the wild-type p53 pattern was significantly associated with p16 positivity, whereas the mutated p53 pattern was observed in p16-negative cases (p = 0.011). Furthermore, significant associations were found between p53 expression and a vertical growth pattern (p = 0.019), suggesting deeper tissue invasion and a greater potential for metastasis. Conclusion: The correlation between p16 and p53 expression patterns and clinical characteristics underscores the relevance of molecular classification in VC. HPV-independent tumors (p16-negative/mutated p53) may be associated with greater tumor aggressiveness and potential treatment resistance, indicating a poorer prognosis. In contrast, HPV-related tumors (p16-positive/wild-type p53) tend to exhibit better therapeutic response and, consequently, a more favorable prognosis. The combined use of these biomarkers represents an important tool for prognostic stratification and for guiding individualized therapeutic approaches for patients with VC.
It is with great enthusiasm that we present the Annals of the Oncology International Symposium 2025, an event that continues to solidify its significance in the oncology landscape of northern Brazil. Held in Belém, Pará, Oncology 2025 centered around the theme "The cancer control challenge: better knowing it to best facing it," dedicating itself to exploring the latest frontiers in cancer treatment and prevention.
This year, the symposium provided a deep dive into the essential role of knowledge in the fight against cancer, presenting new perspectives and scientific advancements across various areas of oncology. Renowned global experts gathered to share their most recent research and innovative approaches, offering participants a comprehensive view of the challenges faced by healthcare professionals and patients worldwide.
Presentations and discussions during the event focused on critical topics such as the use of new technologies, advancements in personalized therapies, and more effective prevention strategies. Additionally, particular attention was given to the unique challenges faced by the Amazon region, with efforts aimed at developing region-specific solutions to meet local needs.
Beyond being a high-caliber academic event, Oncology 2025 stood out as a moment for integration and professional networking, with the warm hospitality of the city of Belém offering participants a unique experience. This event became a platform for exchanging ideas, where science, culture, and humanity came together in pursuit of a common goal: to improve cancer control both in Brazil and globally.
This collection of abstracts and articles presented during the event reflects the ongoing dedication to research and the development of innovative solutions, highlighting the importance of collaboration and shared knowledge in the fight against cancer.
General Submission Guidelines:
The presenting author, who does not have to be the first author, must be registered for Oncology 2025.
Each abstract may have up to 10 authors, including the main author and co-authors.
Only original, unpublished work will be accepted.
Submissions must be related to oncology. However, project descriptions, work proposals, experience reports, and literature reviews will not be considered.
Clinical case reports are allowed, provided the abstract addresses scientific questions, details clinical observations, and includes primary scientific data.
The abstract must be written in English, but presentations may be given in Portuguese.
Abstracts must be between 300 and 500 words.
Comissão Organizadora
Comissão Científica
See Annals of Oncology 2023 at:
https://www.even3.com.br/anais/oncology-2023-international-symposium/
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