Introduction: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in Brazil. In the Brazilian Legal Amazon, a region characterized by territorial and socioeconomic inequalities, differences in the occurrence and outcomes of the disease between urban and rural settings remain underexplored. The COVID-19 pandemic, which directly affected the respiratory system and health service delivery, may have influenced the diagnosis and treatment of this neoplasm, particularly in vulnerable populations. Objectives: To analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of lung cancer in urban versus rural municipalities of the Legal Amazon from 2010 to 2024, assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalization and mortality rates. Methods: This ecological study utilized secondary data from official Brazilian health databases. A total of 771 municipalities from the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins were included. Hospital admissions due to lung cancer (ICD-10: C33–C34) were extracted from SIH-SUS and mortality data from SIM. Population estimates were sourced from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Municipalities were classified as urban or rural based on IBGE typology. Age-standardized rates per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated, and percent variation was assessed across three periods: pre-pandemic (2010–2019), pandemic (2020–2021), and post-pandemic (2022–2024). Spatial analysis (Anselin Local Moran’s I) and multivariate linear regression were applied to explore associations with contextual factors including urbanization, hospital bed density, Municipal Human Development Index (IDHM), and COVID-19 mortality. Results: From 2010 to 2024, the average lung cancer mortality rate was 12.3 per 100,000 inhabitants in urban municipalities and 8.1 in rural areas. During the pandemic (2020–2021), hospital admissions decreased by 18.4% in urban areas and 34.7% in rural ones. In contrast, in-hospital mortality increased by 9.6%, particularly in municipalities with low bed density (p < 0.01) and high COVID-19 burden (p = 0.02). Spatial analysis revealed significant high-mortality clusters in southern Maranhão, northern Mato Grosso, and the area surrounding Manaus. Multivariate regression identified low urbanization and limited access to early diagnosis as independent predictors of poorer outcomes (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Inequities between urban and rural areas of the Legal Amazon significantly affect the epidemiological profile of lung cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these disparities, especially in municipalities with limited healthcare infrastructure. Targeted cancer surveillance, early detection strategies, and expanded oncology services are urgently needed in rural and remote regions of the Amazon.
It is with great enthusiasm that we present the Annals of the Oncology International Symposium 2025, an event that continues to solidify its significance in the oncology landscape of northern Brazil. Held in Belém, Pará, Oncology 2025 centered around the theme "The cancer control challenge: better knowing it to best facing it," dedicating itself to exploring the latest frontiers in cancer treatment and prevention.
This year, the symposium provided a deep dive into the essential role of knowledge in the fight against cancer, presenting new perspectives and scientific advancements across various areas of oncology. Renowned global experts gathered to share their most recent research and innovative approaches, offering participants a comprehensive view of the challenges faced by healthcare professionals and patients worldwide.
Presentations and discussions during the event focused on critical topics such as the use of new technologies, advancements in personalized therapies, and more effective prevention strategies. Additionally, particular attention was given to the unique challenges faced by the Amazon region, with efforts aimed at developing region-specific solutions to meet local needs.
Beyond being a high-caliber academic event, Oncology 2025 stood out as a moment for integration and professional networking, with the warm hospitality of the city of Belém offering participants a unique experience. This event became a platform for exchanging ideas, where science, culture, and humanity came together in pursuit of a common goal: to improve cancer control both in Brazil and globally.
This collection of abstracts and articles presented during the event reflects the ongoing dedication to research and the development of innovative solutions, highlighting the importance of collaboration and shared knowledge in the fight against cancer.
General Submission Guidelines:
The presenting author, who does not have to be the first author, must be registered for Oncology 2025.
Each abstract may have up to 10 authors, including the main author and co-authors.
Only original, unpublished work will be accepted.
Submissions must be related to oncology. However, project descriptions, work proposals, experience reports, and literature reviews will not be considered.
Clinical case reports are allowed, provided the abstract addresses scientific questions, details clinical observations, and includes primary scientific data.
The abstract must be written in English, but presentations may be given in Portuguese.
Abstracts must be between 300 and 500 words.
Comissão Organizadora
Comissão Científica
See Annals of Oncology 2023 at:
https://www.even3.com.br/anais/oncology-2023-international-symposium/
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