INTRODUCTION: Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) causes harm to health [1], as it promotes oxidative stress in the body [2]. Some photoprotectors sold, with the aim of preventing and reducing damage caused by UV rays, consist of synthetic filters that are photounstable and cause dermatitis and erythema [3]. Given this, the importance of bioactive compounds with antioxidant action that are present in medicinal plants is evident [4]. Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn, popularly known as “mastruz”, is made up of phenolic compounds that act by neutralizing free radicals [5]. AIMS: Evaluate the cytotoxicity and photoprotective effect of semi-solid formulations (creams) incorporated with 10% and 20% (w/w) of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of C. ambrosioides (CaEtOH) on HaCat cells (human keratinocytes) after being submitted to UV radiation. METHODS: Plant material was collected in the municipality of Pesqueira, Pernambuco State, Brazil. A sample was deposited under number (89.956) in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Pernambuco. CaEtOH was incorporated into the commercial Lanette® base. The macroscopic characteristics of the creams were evaluated [6]. The cytotoxicity of cells treated with CaEtOH and creams at concentrations of (1.56; 3.12; 6.25; 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/ mL) was determined by the MTT reduction test [7], in which the percentage of cell viability was compared with control untreated cells (CUC). For the cell irradiation test, UV radiation simulator equipment was used to promote irradiation at a determined dose of (50 mJ/cm² for 8 min) [8] on cells previously treated (CT) with CaEtOH and creams (1.56-50 µg/ mL). The percentage of cell viability of the CT was compared with the CUC that received radiation. Statistical analyses were determined using GraphPad Prism® 8.0 softwares. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Like the Lanette® base, the creams presented normal organoleptic characteristics. Furthermore, they exhibited pH 6 and stability against the centrifugation test. Lanette® guaranteed good stability and spreadability of the creams, which were compatible with skin pH (5.5-6.5) [9]. In the cytotoxicity test, the CT exhibited cell viability above 70%, except at a concentration of 50 µg/mL, demonstrating the non-cytotoxic nature in most of the concentrations evaluated [10]. In the irradiation test, CT exposed to radiation showed an increase in cell viability between 20% and 40% when compared to CUC exposed to radiation. CONCLUSION: Therefore, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the photoprotective effect of C. ambrosiodes, showing it as promising in preventing the effects of solar radiation on the skin.. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: The Authors would like to thank the Laboratory of Pharmatoxicological Prospection of Bioactive Products and UFPE for the financial support.
Keywords: Antioxidant, medicinal plant, ultraviolet radiation.
REFERÊNCIAS
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Francisco Mendonça Junior
Pascal Marchand
Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
Isabelle Orliac-Garnier
Gerd Bruno da Rocha
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Ricardo Olimpio de Moura
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