We present an updated survey of the genus Graphis and its recent segregate, Allographa, for Brazil. While there are no clear-cut morphological and anatomical differences between the two genera, species of Allographa tend to have more robust and more strongly prominent lirellae with a massive excipulum when carbonized, generally with larger ascospores and with more septa than those of Graphis s.str. Thus far, no comprehensive study exists on these two genera for Brazil; most of the previous treatments are descriptions of new species and reports in regional inventories. The present survey is a combination of literature review, taxonomic revision of herbarium specimens, and new collections made in different regions of the country, including molecular studies of selected taxa. As preliminary results, we distinguish 109 species of Graphis and 83 of Allographa for Brazil, including 25 new species. Funding: CAPES (Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and IAPT (International Association for Plant Taxonomy).
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