Genus belonging to Parmeliaceae, Parmelinella was segregated from Parmelina by Elix & Hale in 1987 due to the presence of simple cilia commonly restricted to the lobe axils, emaculate thallus, white medulla, and chemical components such as salazinic and consalazinic acids. However, even morphologically distinct, phylogenetic studies have shown that Pamelinella is closely related to Bulbothrix s.l, which along with Myelochroa, Remototrachyna, and Parmelina, is part of the Parmelina clade. Parmelinella has 10 known species, of which five occur in Brazil. Surprisingly, during a DNA barcoding study with Parmeliaceae species from Brazil, specimens of Myelochroa lindmanii (Lynge) Elix & Hale and Canoparmelia amazonica (Nyl.) Elix & Hale, collected in southern and central of the country, respectively, were phylogenetically positioned in the genus Pamelinella. Therefore, to proceed with the combination of these species, we made detailed morphological descriptions and compared them to the specialized bibliography. The chemical compounds were identified by thin layer chromatography. Phylogenetic reconstructions, using nuITS sequences generated in this study and sequences retrieved in the GenBank, included Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses. Myelochroa lindmanii was recognized by having yellow medulla, laminar isidia, the presence of marginal cilia, and secalonic acid as medullary chemical. Canoparmelia amazonica was recognized by the absence of cilia, the presence of laminal isidia, and protocetraric acid in the medulla. Both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses confirmed that these two species belong to Parmelinella. Thus, the combination manuscript is in preparation and will be submitted for publication soon. Our study corroborates that the species diversity in Parmelinella may be greater than that currently known. However, more morphological and phylogenetic studies are needed to recognize which characteristics delimit Parmelinella. Acknowledgment: CAPES (Finance Code 001) and the Chemistry Laboratory (LP2) of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, where the TLC studies were developed.
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